business law 5 questions

I’m studying and need help with a Business Law question to help me learn.

1- Should the parent company of a foreign subsidiary be financialy liable for torts committed by the foreign subsidiary? Please discuss this relying upon the concepts you have learned in the text.

2- You have been negotiating with a representative of a government in South America to sell them products for a new state building in the country’s capital. The negotiations are final and there is a fixed price and delivery date set. The representative of the government suggest to you that you prepare an invoice at twice the price negotiated. The government will pay the full price through a foreign bank and your firm will pay the representative the difference as a commission paid in US dollars into the representatives personal bank account in New York. He aruges that this is cutomary business practice in his country. Should you make this payment? Does it matter that this payment is customary in his country? Is ther any real victim in this case. Please discuss these.

3- Why must corporations be concerned about human rights issues when doing business internationally?

4- Explain the concepts of jurisdiction and minimum contacts. What application do they have in international disputes?

5- Jurisdiction is often confused with concept of venue. Please describe each concept and distinguish on from the other.